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Edwin (; c. 586 – 12 October 632/633), also known as Eadwine or Æduinus, was the King of Deira and Bernicia – which later became known as Northumbria – from about 616 until his death. He converted to Christianity and was baptised in 627; after he fell at the Battle of Hatfield Chase, he was venerated as a saint. Edwin was the son of Ælle king of Deira and seems to have had (at least) two siblings. His sister Acha was married to Æthelfrith, king of neighbouring Bernicia. An otherwise unknown sibling fathered Hereric, who in turn fathered Abbess Hilda of Whitby and Hereswith, wife to Æthelric, the brother of king Anna of East Anglia.〔Higham, ''Kingdom of Northumbria'', p. 80; Kirby, p. 72. Yorke, ''Kings and Kingdoms'', p. 76, makes Hereric a brother of Edwin.〕 == Early life and exile == The ''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'' reported that on Ælle's death a certain "Æthelric" assumed power. The exact identity of Æthelric is uncertain. He may have been a brother of Ælle, an elder brother of Edwin, an otherwise unknown Deiran noble, or the father of Æthelfrith. Æthelfrith himself appears to have been king of "Northumbria"—both Deira and Bernicia—by no later than 604.〔Higham, "Edwin", p. 44.〕 During the reign of Æthelfrith, Edwin was an exile. The location of his early exile as a child is not known, but late traditions, reported by Reginald of Durham and Geoffrey of Monmouth, place Edwin in the kingdom of Gwynedd, fostered by king Cadfan ap Iago, so allowing biblical parallels to be drawn from the struggle between Edwin and his supposed foster-brother Cadwallon. By the 610s he was certainly in Mercia under the protection of king Cearl, whose daughter Cwenburg he married.〔Cadfan: Marsden, ''Northamhymbre Saga'', pp. 82–83; Geoffrey of Monmouth, pp. 268–269. Mercia: Bede, ''HE'', II, xiv; Higham, ''Kingdom of Northumbria'', pp. 112–113; Holdsworth, "Edwin".〕 By around 616, Edwin was in East Anglia under the protection of king Raedwald. Bede reports that Æthelfrith tried to have Raedwald murder his unwanted rival, and that Raedwald intended to do so until his wife persuaded him otherwise with Divine prompting.〔Bede, ''HE'', II, xii.〕 Æthelfrith faced Raedwald in battle by the River Idle in 616, and Æthelfrith was defeated; Raedwald installed Edwin as king of Northumbria. Raedwald's son Raegenhere may have been killed at this battle, but the exact date or manner of Raedwald's death are not known. He likely died between the years 616–627, and the efficacy of Edwin’s kingship ostensibly depended greatly on his fealty to Raedwald.〔Rowley, Sharon M. The Old English Version of Bede’s Historia Ecclesiastica. Boydell and Brewer: Suffolk, 2011.〕 Edwin was installed as king of Northumbria, effectively confirming Raedwald as ''bretwalda'': Æthelfrith's sons went into exile in Irish Dál Riata and Pictland. That Edwin was able to take power not only in his native Deira but also in Bernicia may have been due to his support from Raedwald, to whom he may have remained subject during the early part of his reign. Edwin's reign marks an interruption of the otherwise consistent domination of Northumbria by the Bernicians and has been seen as "contrary to the prevailing tendency".〔D. P. Kirby, ''The Earliest English Kings'' (1991, 2000), pp. 61–62.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Edwin of Northumbria」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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